Emergency Conservation Program Improvement Act of 2025

This Act may be cited as the “Emergency Conservation Program Improvement Act of 2025”.

Section 401 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2201) is amended—

(1) in subsection (b)—

(A) in the subsection heading, by inserting “and other emergency conservation measures” after “fencing”;

(B) in paragraph (1)—

(i) by inserting “or for other emergency measures to replace or restore farmland or conservation structures requiring an immediate response (as determined by the Secretary),” after “replacement of fencing,”; and

(ii) by striking “option of receiving” and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting the following:

“(A) with respect to a payment to the agricultural producer for a replacement, 75 percent of the cost of the replacement, as determined by the Secretary; and

(B) with respect to a payment to the agricultural producer for a repair or restoration, 50 percent of the cost of the repair or restoration, as determined by the Secretary.”; and

(C) in paragraph (2), by striking “60-day” and inserting “180-day”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

“(c) Wildfire determination.— A wildfire that causes damage eligible for a payment under subsection (a) includes—

(1) a wildfire that is not caused naturally, if the damage is caused by the spread of the wildfire due to natural causes; and

(2) a wildfire that is caused by the Federal Government.”.

Section 407 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2206) is amended—

(1) in subsection (a)(2), by striking “wildfires,” and inserting “wildfires (including a wildfire that is not caused naturally, if the damage is caused by the spread of the wildfire due to natural causes, and a wildfire that is caused by the Federal Government),”;

(2) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and

(3) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:

“(e) Advance payments.—

(1) In general.— The Secretary shall give an owner of nonindustrial private forest land the option of receiving, before the owner carries out emergency measures under this section, not more than 75 percent of the cost of the emergency measures, as determined by the Secretary.

(2) Return of funds.— If the funds provided under paragraph (1) are not expended by the end of the 180-day period beginning on the date on which the owner of nonindustrial private forest land receives those funds, the funds shall be returned within a reasonable timeframe, as determined by the Secretary.”.